The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin - 955 Words

The story of an hour by Kate Chopin provides many examples of â€Å"inside† and â€Å"outside†. My first impression I get of Mrs. Mallard when she is told that her husband has been killed in a train accident was normal. Mrs. Mallard had just found out that she lost her spouse and she grieves which is normal in such a situation. But the thing that obstructed my impression of her was when she went to her room. She started to stare out the open window and came to the sudden realization that she was free. â€Å"When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: free, free, free! said Chopin.(53) After reading that line it led me to believe that Mrs. Mallard felt stuck in her marriage because after the fact she came to terms that he was gone, she started to feel a large amount joy. According to Chopin â€Å"there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those p atches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought. (53) When she gazed out through her open window, she was seeing her metaphorically unattainable freedom. It’s just like the glass ceiling metaphor, you can see the top, but you can never reach it because of the glass. The open window poses as an invisible barrier separating her from being happy. Mrs. Mallard can see her freedom but cannot obtain it because of her marriage. After reviewing the story a second time aroundShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1241 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a wonderful short story bursting with many peculiar twists and turns. Written in 1894, the author tells a tale of a woman who learns of her husband’s death, but comes to find pleasure in it. Many of the elements Kate Chopin writes about in this story symbolize something more than just the surface meaning. Through this short story, told in less than one thousand one hundred words, Kate Chopin illustrates a deeper meaning of Mrs. Mallard’s marriage with herRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin855 Words   |  4 Pages The Story of an Hour In the â€Å"Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, is about pleasure of freedom and the oppression of marriage. Just like in Kate Chopin’s story, inside most marriages, even the ones that seem to be the happiest, one can be oppressed. Even though, one might seem to be happy deep inside they miss the pleasure of freedom and living life to the fullest. Just like, in this story Mrs. Mallard feels trapped and when she hears about her husband’s death she first feels distraught, but ultimatelyRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1457 Words   |  6 PagesEmotions and Death Everyone who reads a story will interpret things slightly different than the person who reads it before or after him or her. This idea plays out with most every story, book, song, and movie. These interpretations create conflict and allow people to discuss different ideas and opinions. Without this conflict of thought there is no one devoting time to debate the true meaning of a text. Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† tells about a woman who is informed of her husbands deathRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin987 Words   |  4 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† reader’s see a potentially long story put into a few pages filled with rising action, climax and even death. In the beginning of the story, character Louise Mallard, who has a heart condition, is told of the death of her husband by her sister and one of her husband’s friends. Afterwards Mrs. Mallard is filled with emptiness and then joy of freedom. This joy of freedom is actually what consequently leads to her death in the end when she discoversRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1061 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, readers are introduced to characters whose lives change drastically in the course of this writing. Through Kate Chopin’s story we can identify many different themes and examples of symbolism in her writing. Chopin’s choice of themes in this writing are no surprise due to the time frame of which this story was written. Chopin often wrote stories with of women’s rights, and is noted as one of America’s first open feminists. As this story of an ill, helplessRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin972 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin expresses Ms. Mallard’s feelings towards her husband’s death in an appalling train accident. Due to her bad heart, her sister Josep hine had to be the bearer of bad news and approach his death gently to her. According to the quote, â€Å" But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought†, it lets us know thatRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin998 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The story of an hour† by Kate Chopin was a story that was ironical yet profoundly deep. As a student I have been asked to read â€Å"a story of an hour† many times, and every time I’m surprised by how I enjoy it. People can read thousands of stories in their life times and only a handful will every stand out to them, stories that can draw out an emotion or spark a thought are the ones that will standout more. For me and â€Å"a story of an hour† the thought of freedom is what draws me the most as a teenageRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kat e Chopin1542 Words   |  7 PagesIn the short story, â€Å"Story of an Hour†, Kate Chopin writes about a woman with heart trouble, Mrs. Mallard, who, in finding out about the death of her husband, Mr. Mallard, experiences some initial feelings of sadness which quickly transition into the exhilarating discovery of the idea of a newfound freedom lying in front of her. When it is later revealed that her husband is not actually dead, she realizes she will not get to taste that freedom. The devastation kills her. What Mrs. Mallard goes throughRead MoreThe Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin596 Words   |  2 PagesIn â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Kate Chopin focuses on the idea of freedom throughout the story. Mrs. Mallard is a lonely wife who suffers from heart trouble. She is told by her sister Josephine and her husband’s friend Richards that her husband has passed away in a train accident. She locks herself in a room expecting to be devastated, but instead feels freedom. Later, she exits her room and her husband walks through the door, causing her to die of a heart attack. Chopin uses this story to demonstrateRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin886 Words   |  4 Pages In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the reader is presented with the theme of prohibited independence. In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Storm†, the scenery in this story builds the perfect atmosphere for an adulterous affair. The importance of these stories is to understand the era they occurred. Kate Chopin wrote stories with exceptional openness about sexual desires. In â€Å"The Storm†, a short story written by Kate Chopin in a time when women were expected to act a certain way and sexual cravings was considered

How Intercultural Communication Works At The Site With...

The site was chosen in assignment two and is the 2015 Aria Awards, which is an annual event, held annually in Sydney exclusively for the music industry. The Aria Awards were chosen has been chosen as I work in the music industry and have a passion for new and existing talent. The Aria Awards involves forms of intercultural communication in various areas and situations that can be detailed in three theories. Identifying or focusing on three situations on a particular aspect of the site and providing a detailed account. This essay will detail how intercultural communication works at the site with examples. Firstly Theory A edited by Murray, N Scarino, A and named Dynamic Ecologies: A Relational Perspective on Languages Education in the†¦show more content†¦The intermission is where industry members locally and from around the world talk in their groups. The after party is after the awards show there was three party’s attended, Aria official, Sony Music and Universal music, the parties are where exclusive members head to and party after the event. This site shows themes relevant to the course, as there are many people from different backgrounds, various religious beliefs and sexualities. Individuals at the site are usually in their own groups, an example being; singers, executives, publicists, managers and media all conform. This is not to be rude, it is usually that they feel comfortable with each other and have a lot in common. Looking at three theories, Theory A, Theory B and Theory C, will compare to the Awards Ceremony, Intermission and After Party. Theory A details language barriers from linguistics, ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Theory A also discusses an individual’s positioning in social spaces due to language barriers. Theory B outlines multiple ways culture can be defined and how others can interpret communication. Theory C summarizes and outlines the changing contexts surrounding multiculturalism and suggests that we may be shifting into a multicultural world. Theory A, Dynamic Ecologies: A Relation Perspective on Languages Education in The Asia-Pacific Region Murray, N Scarino, A (2014). Theory A compares to the

Allocated Between Fiduciary And Beneficiary -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Allocated Between Fiduciary And Beneficiary? Answer: Introducation As held in the section 6 of the ITAA 1936 income from personal exertion includes the income that is generated from the personal exertion[1]. This represents the income that originates from the earnings, salaries and wages, fees, bonus etc. that is received in capacity to the employee in respect of the services rendered. An amount that is generated from the personal exertion might be included in the assessable income in the form of statutory income or ordinary income. An instance of remuneration has been provided in the case of Dean v FCT (1997) where retention payment made in considerations of the employees will be considered as assessable income[2]. Rent refers to the price that is paid to make use of the another persons property such as the land, building, equipment would be held assessable. As held in Adelaide Fruit and Produce Exchange Co Ltd (1932) 2 ATD 1 rent money that is received would be considered as the assessable income. Spending that is occurred in letting out the property would be considered as allowable expenditure. According to the interpretative decision of ATO ID 2002/644 the prize is not regarded as the ordinary or statutory revenue and hence it would not be considered as the reckonable earnings under either of the section 6-5 or section 6-10 of the ITAA 1997[3]. Instead, it is measured as the non-taxable bonus gain. The court has considered that the prize or gift will be considered as the ordinary income in capacity of the decision held in Squatting Investment Co Ltd v FCT (1953). Usually, a gift or reward is considered as the individual bonus and it is not regarded as the ordinary revenue given the taxpayer has received the reward or gift in respect of the revenue generating making activity of the taxpayer. Mere prizes are not an income however it may be a income if there is an adequate connection with the taxpayers income generating activities. As held in Kelly v FCT the amount received by professional footballer for best player is an income since it is incidental to his work. The character of an article will be regarded as the revenue and must be arbitrated under the conditions of its origin by the taxpayer and devoid of such character it may been derived by alternative individual[4]. As held in the case of Federal Coke Co Pty Ltd v FCT (1977) the character of the proceeds must be arbitrated under the conditions of the derivation by the taxpayer. Payments that are received for relinquishing or restricting rights cannot be considered as income. For example, a payment received by taxpayer for agreeing not do something does not constitute an assessable income. Similarly, the judgement held in the case of Higgs v Olivier (1951), states that the payment received by the actor for not producing, directing or acting in another film for a period of 18 months cannot be regarded as income[5]. According to the taxation ruling of TR 98/9, self-education expenditure is generally considered to be deductible expenditure where it is occurred to maintain or increase the taxpayers skills in the occupation in which the taxpayer is presently employed[6]. According to the judgement stated in the case of FCT v Highfield (1982) the judgement of the court stated that the expenditure incurred by the taxpayer was for carrying on his business and the objective of undergoing the degree was to make use of the knowledge obtained by the taxpayer in advancing his practice. According to section, 8-1 of the ITAA 1997 cost that is incurred by the taxpayer in acquiring the ordinary items of the clothing such as suit is not considered allowable deduction. As held in the case of Mansfield v FCT (1996) the judgment of the court allowed the flight attendant to claim an allowable deduction for the cost of shoes since it was a compulsory uniform. According to the legislative response of section 25-100 of the ITAA 1997 deductions is allowable for the cost of travel between workplace. Travel should be related directly between the place of work and income generating place and none of the place should be taxpayers home [7]. The court of law in FCT v Payne (2001) ATC 4027 denied the taxpayer allowable deductions for the cost incurred from the place of home and place of employment. Travelling between two unconnected places of work cannot be considered allowable under section 8-1. Application: As evident from the case study, Bridget received income from her employment with both part-time and full time employments. Therefore, these income forms the part of personal exertion income since it is generated in respected of services rendered by Bridget. Citing the reference of Dean v FCT (1997) Bridget income from personal exertion would be assessable in respect of section 6 of the ITAA 1936 [8]. The evidences from the case study suggest that the rental income of $30,000 received in the income year of 2016/17 will be considered as the assessable and would be included in the assessable income. However, Bridget also reported that she had incurred an allowable deductions relating to the rental property. This is because under section 8-1 the expenses on rental property was related in deriving her assessable income and would be considered allowable deductions. Bridget received a cash prize of $3000 that is regarded as the ordinary or statutory pay and therefore it is not considered as taxable income under section 6-5 or Section 6-10 of the act [9]. This is because the cash prize is observed as the bonus gain and cannot be regarded as ordinary gain since it is not related to the revenue making activity of Bridget. In the present case of Bridget, it is noticed that she received a payment consideration of $30,000 from the TV station for appearing in the cooking show and had additionally received a new cake-mixing equipment having valued $10,000. Therefore, the amount of payment considerations that is received by Bridget will be included in the chargeable pay in respect of the section 6-5 of the act[10]. In the later instances of the case study, it is found that Bridget received a sum of $20,000 with the TV station for agreeing not to appear on any similar TV cooking shows for two years period would not be regarded as income. Similarly, in reference to the judgement stated in the case of Higgs v Olivier (1951) the payments that is received by Bridget is for relinquishing the right of not appearing in any identical cooking shows. Additionally, the legal expenses will not allowable since it is not related to Bridget income producing activity. Bridget incurred a self-education expenditure with the hope of obtaining promotion in the division of accounting firm. The self-education expenditure that is incurred by Bridget was entirely deductible. The expenses were occurred for increasing the skills with the prospect of gaining promotion where she is presently working. Citing the case of FCT v Highfield (1982), Bridget will be able to entitlement for a permissible deductions under section 8-1 of the act. Bridget reported that she received a cash award for being the best accountant in Sydney. With reference to Kelly v FCT, the award is an income for Bridget since it is related to her work and related to her exercise of skill [11]. Bridget reported an expenditure on contemporary suits and it can be said the she will not be allowed to claim deductions on the ordinary articles of apparel nevertheless that such expenses was necessary in ensuring a appropriate appearance in a job or profession. According to the decision in the case of Morris v FCT 2002, deductions can be allowable if the taxpayer occupations compulsorily requires using occupation specific clothing[12]. Bridget incurred expenditure on airfares and accommodations for attending a job interview in Melbourne accounting firm. Agreeing with section 25-100 the expenses incurred by Bridget is not directly related to the place of work. Referring to FCT v Payne (2001) Bridget will be denied deductions for the cost incurred between two unconnected places of work section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. Conclusion: Conclusively Bridget income from salaries, rental income, cash award and payment considerations would be considered assessable under section 6-5 whereas she will be entitled to deductions relating to self-education and rental property expenses under section 8-1 for education expenses. Reference List: Robinson, L., Savor, P. and Sikes, S., Value Relevance of Income Tax Expense Post FIN 48 2017. Brasington, D.M., Passing school building tax levies may increase teacher salary.Economics Letters 2017.. May, M., Briefing Paper SMART (Save Money and Reduce Tax) Pensions in the UK: Salary Sacrifice and Auto-Enrolment Margaret May January 2015.. Palazuelos, D. and Dhillon, R., Addressing the global health tax and wild cards: practical challenges to building academic careers in global health.Academic Medicine,91(1), p.30 2016. Prabhu-Verlekar, P. and Reddy, Y.V. Section 5A of Income Tax Act 1961 with reference to Goan salaried tax payers 2018. Gideon, M. Do Individuals Perceive Income Tax Rates Correctly?.Public Finance Review,45(1), pp.97-117 2017. Shakow, D.J. A Wealth Tax: Taxing the Estates of the Living.BCL Rev.,57, p.947 2016. Braithwaite, V. ed.,Taxing democracy: Understanding tax avoidance and evasion. Routledge 2017. Rogers, J. and Philippe, C., The tax burden of typical workers in the EU 27.Brussels: New Direction.[online] Retrieved,17, p.2014. Feng, J., The effect of superannuation tax incentives on salary sacrifice participation.Economic Record,90(s1), pp.59-73 2014. Xynas, L., Blissenden, M., Villios, S. and Kenny, P., Allowable deductions, cost base of CGT assets and the GAAR: a minefiled for taxpayers and their advisers.Australian Tax Law Bulletin,1(5), pp.94-98 2014. Nossaman, W.L. and Wyatt Jr, J.L., Income Taxation of Estates and Trusts: Deductions Which Must be Allocated between Fiduciary and Beneficiary.TRUST ADMINISTRATION AND TAXATION,2 2016..

Midnight Memories by One Direction free essay sample

Some people might roll their eyes and scoff at the mention of One Direction. For the longest time, people have viewed them as five boys doused with performing hollow, catchy pop songs to screaming, teenage girls. If anyone had heard about their upcoming album, Midnight Memories, before it hit the music stands, many people would have shrugged it off. Not many people find joy in listening to upbeat, vapid songs directed towards teens and tweens for an hour. Midnight Memories, on the contrary, has a more mature sound than anything One Direction has released before. All of the band members wrote a majority of the tracks on the album, and it has a more rock sound to it. Midnight Memories varies immensely from past albums by One Direction. Songs such as â€Å"Diana†, â€Å"Midnight Memories†, and â€Å"Better Than Words† are blasts from the past as they sound similar to what one might hear on the radio in the 1980s. We will write a custom essay sample on Midnight Memories by One Direction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Happily† and â€Å"Through the Dark† are Mumford and Sons-inspired tracks that talk about loving someone and wanting to get them back. The overall sound of the album is more heavily influenced by rock music than past One Direction albums have been. Die hard fans are proud of the new, sophisticated sound from the five boys from across the pond, and for good reason. They watched these five men grow up and develop a sound on their own that differentiates from their past, strictly pop songs. The optimal part of the album is the writing done by the members of One Direction. The songs on Midnight Memories are more personal because all five members collectively contributed to writing most of the songs on the album. One track in particular, â€Å"Don’t Forget Where You Belong†, stands out above the rest. While most of the songs are about love, â€Å"Don’t Forget Where You Belong† was written by member Niall Horan about the journey he and his band mates have taken since their start in 2010. The songwriting adds a more personal element to the album by pushing past experiences up to the front lines for everyone to hear about. Midnight Memories has a different dynamic than albums previously released by One Direction. It offsets what they have done in the past, and has put One Direction in a music category completely separate from sugar-coated pop. The album’s sound reveals how they have grown up in the past few years alongside their fans. Midnight Memories is beginning to establish One Direction as an adult group. The album exhibits how these five men have grown away from the boys who were made famous for â€Å"What Makes You Beautiful†.

The Impact of Very Light Jets on Small Airports

The Impact of Very Light Jets on Small Airports Free Online Research Papers Very Light Jets are the way of the future. These small 4-6 passenger jet aircraft will improve on everyday personal and business travel. If you have not already heard of these amazing aircraft you soon will. The jets are said to weigh approximately as much as a minivan at maximum weight of only ten thousand pounds they will be the Sport Utility Vehicles of our skies. By the year 2016 the Federal Aviation Administration is predicting that four thousand five hundred Very Light Jets will be in operation. The new airplanes will be flying to and from non-congested, underused airports; while this is great in the way of congestion and gridlock at the major hub airports it means that these less used airports are going to have to undergo major changes in order to ready themselves for the up coming aircraft. Aviation has always had stability issues, but typically there has been growth throughout its history. Traveling by air will always be the most time efficient form of travel. With this said there is still a need for improvement. Although flying reduces actual in route time, the time it takes to get to the airport and jump the hurdles of the big airport environment has increased significantly since September 11. There are people that travel frequently and require a form of expedited travel. Business jets or corporate flights are options but can be costly which makes it out of reach for the average person. Very Light Jets (VLJs) will bridge the gap between commercial air carrier service and corporate flight by being cost effective and time efficient. The economic growth that VLJs are expected to bring is already showing the world its possibilities. In June of 2006, DayJet announced that they have chose to open a point-to-point, on demand jet service in Tallahassee, Florida in addition to Boca Raton, Gainesville, Lakeland, and Pensacola. Tallahassee is projected to receive a total annual economic impact in excess of $16 million from the arrival of DayJet within its first three years of operation. (Close D. DeMichele B., 2006). Within the communities served by DayJet there will be locations for new and expanding businesses due to the improved workforce mobility, market convenience and productivity of employment. In addition to DayJet’s direct economic contributions through petroleum, rent and employment, travelers using the per-seat, on-demand services, also referred to as Air Taxis will cause increased utilization of airport-related services, including rental lots and taxi services. With the arrival of DayJet, the state of Florida expects two thousand employment opportunities for high skilled, high waged employees. Operators of air taxis will be centering their maintenance amenities and aircrafts within a number of communities that they will be serving. The personnel connected with these operations will live within the communities. This will add jobs to the local economy, including customer service and ground personnel, pilots, and maintenance workers. According to calculations by Virginia Polytechnic Institute, who separates VLJ service into three categories; per seat on-demand, service and maintenance facilities (type one); per seat on-demand, service only (type two) and destination or aircraft charter service only (type three). By 2017 there will be a need for one hundred eighteen pilots, twenty maintenance workers and six ground staff for type one, and additional forty seven pilots and six ground members will be need from type two service and none needed within the type three service. Direct impacts on the local economies would also include the salaries and benefits associated with these j obs as well as other spending by air taxi operators on aircraft maintenance, fuel, and aircraft landing and overnight parking fees. (Eclipse Aviation, 2006). It is indicated that spending will total over $5.8 million annually by 2017 within a type two community and close to $16 million within type one communities. Benefits to communities with no based aircraft (Type 3) would be small, by contrast, due to the fact that spending directly related to VLJ operations would be limited to landing and overnight fees. Even fuel purchases at these airports would be limited as refueling would most likely occur at the airports where the aircraft are based. (Eclipse Aviation, 2006). Along with job positions made available for pilots, maintenance workers and ground staff. The new VLJ operators will have positions open for airport mangers, janitorial services and light catering or vending services. We will also see an indirect impact on the local communities, passengers who travel within the VLJ communities will spend their money on a number of other services as well. VLJ customers will need to arrange for means of transportation in the way of taxis, rental cars or limousine rentals. Those staying for more than a single day will also purchase hotel accommodations, although it may be that some travelers will take advantage of the flexible travel schedule allowed by VLJs to make their return trip sooner, where the longer travel times of automobiles or the less flexible schedule of regular air carriers would have resulted in them staying in the community for an additional night. (Eclipse Aviation, 2006). Passengers will also obtain food and beverages and are sure to visit local shopping centers and small retail stores. Not only will travelers using VLJs spend within these community bases, but the employees of the VLJ operators will also spend a good portion of their wages locall y within the area they work and live. This cycle will continue by local businesses spending a portion of the income made within the local community, leading to more job openings with in other companies due to increased sales. (Eclipse Aviation, 2006). Not only will there be a large impact on small local areas but on the nations economys well. A large number of qualified personnel will be necessary in order to produce the aircraft and the operations of these services. VLJs will be operating out of airports that could not be of service to most other passenger aircraft. In March of 2006 the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) screened candidates in the following areas, public use, location, runway length of at least three thousand five hundred feet, paved runway, width of at least seventy-five feet and runway edge lights. Only two thousand and seventy four airports out of more then nineteen thousand (most are private) met these standards. Modernizing airport communications is essential. The FAA has begun replacing its old radar-based ground stations with newer equipment that uses global positioning satellites. With a more accurate picture of air traffic, controllers will be able to land more planes per hour by squeezing them together. (Business Weekly, 2006). At a cost of near $600 million, the first stage of renovation will be complete in the year 2010. Carriers are trying to influence Congress on the way air traffic control systems are funded an d to charge private aircraft more than they are paying now in order to help pay for the over all renovation. Most of the VLJs will have superior avionics as optional or standard equipment. As to equipage, most VLJs will include advanced integrated avionics as standard or optional equipment. For example, the Eclipse will be equipped to support: 1. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) for precision surveillance monitoring 2. Dual GPS with wide area augmentation system (WAAS) for precision navigation 3. Auto-throttles, advanced cockpit automation system color weather radar 4. Dual flight management systems (FMS) for trajectory-based operations in today’s environment and in the new generation army target system (NGATS) of tomorrow 5. Data link communications capability to connect to tomorrow’s network centric asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) architecture. The VLJ will perceive itself to be better prepared then most of todays commercial aircrafts. In short, the typical VLJ will distinguish itself as better equipped than many of the aircraft in today’s commercial fleets. (Robinson Planzer, 2006). Many VLJ pilots are expected to be aviators who are stepping up from turboprops and single-engine piston-powered aircraft and may be interested in operating the new light twinjets as single pilots in the high-altitude, high-speed environment. (NBAA, 2004). Because of this reason, pilots will need to undergo more in-depth training. Before undergoing in a very light jet education classes, an initial evaluation to determine ability in a number of areas must be given. These include flight skills assessment, practical in-flight exam to test instrument skills and airman ship, oral exam to evaluate judgment skills, written exam to determine aeronautical knowledge. A significant part for the safe operation of the VLJ will be in the understanding gained from post rating training. The post rating training should include, winter operations, summer operations, Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Single Pilot Resource Management (SRM) applications, establishing personal operating minimums and fati gue. The manufacturer’s training can be described as the â€Å"nuts and bolts† portion of the training. It is technical in nature and designed to instruct the student on the specific aircraft. (NBAA, 2005). The class is to contain maneuvers, pre-training study package review and testing, aircraft systems, aircraft servicing, auto flight skills, avionics and navigation, emergency and abnormal procedures, limitations and specifications, oxygen, placards and maintenance requirements, fuel, oil, hydraulic fluid, tires, potable water and lavatory. There will also be a need for an annual recurrent training in addition to the initial training needed. There has been great concern that traffic in the skis will become very congested once VLJs are in operation. These concerns come from both the growing number of jets and the slower mach .64 speeds at with they fly. Thankfully, this presumption is not the case. While from time to time, VLJ will need to fly at a higher altitude current FMS have technology already established to allow faster moving aircrafts to move around slower moving ones. In fact, even if a VLJ operator decides to operate into a hub airport, that operation will not cause congestion. â€Å"The effect of VLJ operations into hub airports will be minimal for a number of reasons: VLJ pilots will need adequate prior experience and will receive rigorous training, equivalent in many cases to that for commercial pilots; VLJ aircraft will have advanced integrated avionics to provide enhanced pilot situational awareness, enable seamless traffic flow integration and optimal spacing with commercial traffic flows; VLJs are cap able of operating at speeds compatible to those of commercial jet aircraft, throughout the terminal area and until well inside the final approach fix; VLJ climb and descent rates are compatible with commercial turbojet aircraft; VLJ aircraft can land and depart safely using shorter runways, unusable by commercial jet traffic. (Raburn, 2006). Because VLJ are traveling shorter routes, under six hundred statutes they will travel at a lower altitude for the most part. They will also be flying to and from smaller underused airports cutting congestion. The VLJ will use their aircrafts to go to places commercial flights do not, thus avoiding the congestion associated with the larger hubs. The reality is that there is significant available airspace to accommodate these new aircraft. (Raburn, 2006). You have to remember that airspace is not a two lane high way it is three-dimensional. VLJ are able of getting out of the way of larger or faster flying aircrafts, moving around airspace is some thing aircrafts do day in and day out. As you can see there are many opportunities for local communities to grow economically, which are needed in this current economy. There are no real concrete plans that were found to welcome this form of travel to this region, but one can expect big developments. Air travel is big right now and people will definitely embrace a more convenient way to fly. References (2006, Febuary 26). ST Engineering and Adam Aircraft sign strategic partnership for very light jet and piston aircraft. Retrieved November 28, 2006, from Singapore Technologies areospace Web site: staero.aero/www/newsevents_newsarticle.asp?newsid=OTAwMDAwMDA4Mwarc=bm8 Bodeen, C Flight Simulators and VLJ Training. Very Light Jet Magazine, Retrieved November 17, 2006, from verylightjetmagazine.com/articles/2006_08a.pdf Business Weekly, (2006, June 5). Snarl In The Sky. NEWS: ANALYSIS COMMENTARY, Retrieved November 17, 2006, from businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987036.htm Close, D., DeMichele, B (2006, June 14). DayJet Names Tallahassee as a DayPort Location. Dayjet. Eclipse Aviation, (2006, May 10). The Economic Impact of Very Light Jets. Retrieved November 19, 2006, from eclipse aviation Web site: eclipseaviation.com/files/pdf/EconomicImpactOfVLJs.pdf Infanger, J. F. (2006, Arpil 4). Airport Business. Retrieved November 28, 2006, from Theres Change in the Wind Web site: airportbusiness.com/publication/article.jsp?pubId=1id=4727 Raburn, V. (2006). New Aircraft In The US Aviation System. Robinson, J, L. Planzer, (2006). N Very Light Jets Impact on NAS Operations. Salamone, M., Potential Impacts of Very Light Jets on U.S. Airports. Retrieved November 28, 2006, from TRB Web site: trb.org/trbnet/projectdisplay.asp?projectid=125 Sharkey, J. (2006, March 9). Standing on a Runway Hailing an Air Taxi. Retrieved November 28, 2006, from CASA Web site: casa.aero/news.asp?news_id=42display=yes Strait, B. Very Light Jets And Aviation Safety. Very Light Jet Magazine, Retrieved November 17, 2006, from verylightjetmagazine.com/articles.php?art=2006_04a Strait, B. Very Light Jets The New Air Transport Technology. Very Light Jet Magazine, Retrieved November 17, 2006, from verylightjetmagazine.com/articles.php?art=2006_01 NBAA, (2005, January). NBAA Training Guidelines for. Retrieved November 29, 2006, from NBAA News Web site: http://web.nbaa.org/public/ops/safety/vlj/VLJ_Training_Guidelines.pdf NBAA, (2004, October 13). Safety Town Hall Meeting Focuses on VLJs. Retrieved November 29, 2006, from NBAA News Web site: http://web.nbaa.org/public/cs/amc/2004/articles/safety.php Research Papers on The Impact of Very Light Jets on Small AirportsNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaTwilight of the UAWOpen Architechture a white paperInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesDefinition of Export QuotasThe Project Managment Office System

Qu pasa con mexicanos menores detenidos en la frontera

Qu pasa con mexicanos menores detenidos en la frontera Estados Unidos y Mà ©xico tienen un acuerdo que aplica a los menores de edad de esta à ºltima nacionalidad que son agarrados cruzando la frontera entre esos dos paà ­ses. Sin embargo, su aplicacià ³n ha sufrido un importante cambio recientemente. Qu dice la ley para el caso de menores de Mxico (que no de Centroamrica) Los mexicanos menores de 18 aà ±os que son agarrados cruzando ilegalmente la frontera son devueltos a Mà ©xico tras serle tomadas las huellas digitales. Muchas veces, el regreso se hace incluso el mismo dà ­a, por autobà ºs. Pero grupos criminales de trfico de personas y/o drogas comenzaron a tomar ventaja de esta regla legal para reclutar - a veces con violencia o coacciones-   menores mexicanos para actuar como polleros y cruzar la frontera con migrantes indocumentados o narcà ³ticos.   Para hacer frente a esa situacià ³n, las autoridades de los Estados Unidos detectaron que muchos jà ³venes cruzaban como polleros la frontera numerosas veces, encontrndose casos de muchachos que ingresaron ilegalmente unas 60 veces. Para poner fin a esta situacià ³n de ingresos ilegales repetidos se comenzà ³ a cambiar la aplicacià ³n de la ley Cmo se est aplicando ahorita el acuerdo entre Estados Unidos y Mxico Cuando la Patrulla Fronteriza arresta a un menor mexicano que acaba de cruzar la frontera mexicana ilegalmente lo retiene en un centro cercano al lugar de su detencià ³n por un tiempo limitado. Despuà ©s de sacarlas las huellas digitales y de entrevistarlo, si consideran que es un caso de ingresos repetidos se lo estn entregando  a la Office of Refuge Resettlement. A continuacià ³n estos menores son enviados a un centro de detencià ³n de migrantes donde precisamente estn los centroamericanos que en muchas ocasiones intentaron introducir ilegalmente en Estados Unidos. El centro de detencià ³n puede estar en cualquier estado y pueden ser enviados por avià ³n. Por lo general, pueden acabar muy lejos del lugar en el que fueron detenidos. Qu pasa una vez que los menores mexicanos llegan al centro de detencin Comunicacià ³n: se les permite comunicarse con su familia en Mà ©xico. Tener presente que desde el dà ­a de la detencià ³n a la primera llamada pueden pasar varios dà ­as, incluso 10. Y eso puede ser un gran motivo de angustia para las familias, porque durante esos dà ­as no saben quà © pasà ³ con el muchacho. Traslados: es posible que cambien de centro de detencià ³n. Clasificacià ³n: se les clasifica en tres categorà ­as por colores: pà ºrpura, amarillo y verde, segà ºn su grado de peligrosidad. Vida cotidiana: si no son peligrosos pueden, en ocasiones, salir del centro de detencià ³n (acompaà ±ado y controlado) Cargos: no son acusados de nada en particular. Tiempo: la detencià ³n dura, como media, 75 dà ­as, aunque hay casos ms cortos y otros que han llegado a durar seis meses.Cuando acaba la detencià ³n se les expulsa a Mà ©xico, llevando esto aparejado su penalidad. Qu busca Estados Unidos con estapoltica y qu consigue Persigue bsicamente dos fines: Poner fin a los repetidos ingresos ilegales de menores de edad mexicanos. En este sentido, la polà ­tica ha sido un gran à ©xito, ya que se ha detectado una caà ­da enorme en el nà ºmero de jà ³venes que, despuà ©s de ser retenidos en los centros de detencià ³n, regresan de nuevo a Estados Unidos como polleros (se sabe porque como se les toma las huellas es posible determinar quià ©n ha sido detenido con anterioridad y cuntas veces). Y, tambià ©n intenta sacar informacià ³n sobre quà © lugares utilizan los contrabandistas de personas para esconder migrantes ilegales y/o drogas. Consecuencia negativa de esta poltica La principal es que se conoce que ha habido casos en los que las bandas de narcos que reclutaron a jà ³venes como polleros se han vengado en ellos o sus familias por sospechar de que han dado informacià ³n a la Patrulla Fronteriza. Asimismo, es una medida criticada porque son casos de detenciones sin que a los detenidos se les acuse formalmente de nada. A tener en cuenta En el caso de menores de 21 aà ±os que no està ©n casados y que hayan sido abandonados o abusados por uno o ambos padres podrà ­an beneficiarse del programa de Inmigrantes Juveniles Especiales (SIJ, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), si se cumplen todos los requisitos. Telfonoimportante para encontrar informacin gratis El telà ©fono del Centro de Informacià ³n y Asistencia a Mexicanos (CIAM) brinda gratuitamente importante ayuda a presos y tambià ©n a sus familiares. Se puede marcar desde Estados Unidos y tambià ©n desde Mà ©xico. Informacin de inters En situacià ³n diferente a los mexicanos menores se encuentran los  centroamericanos detenidos en la frontera, a los que se aplica reglas diferentes.   En el caso de que la persona de la que se sospecha que est detenida sea mayor de edad, tanto mexicana como de otro paà ­s, existe una base de datos para encontrarlos. Por à ºltimo, tener en cuenta que dentro del interior de los Estados Unidos tambià ©n existen  controles de la Patrulla Fronteriza  y que ingresar ilegalmente despuà ©s de haber sido deportado est entre los  casos que son prioritarios para una nueva deportacià ³n. Finalmente, antes de cruzar ilegalmente la frontera conviene estar familiarizado con quà ©Ã‚  es el castigo de la prohibicià ³n permanente y  que las consecuencias pueden ser graves, incluyendo aà ±os de prisià ³n, multa y perjuicios migratorios de por vida. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo.

Applied Business Research and Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Applied Business Research and Statistics - Essay Example But he realized that managers can select their favorite subordinates which can make the sample biased. So he put the id and name of each employee in excel sheet and created one extra corresponding column for each employee id which is filled by executing the function of random number. Then, selecting the top ten results after sorting the random numbers gives him unbiased sample. In above example, population could have been taken participation from each employee i.e. data is collected from each member of population. But the sample has been chosen as representative of population to draw the conclusion. Hence, the difference between results of two scenarios is evaluated by sampling error. Sampling error can be zero in some of the cases. If we have to take the opinions of all the engineers in above case, and sample takes the true proportion of 100% engineer. It can be stated in other way as if the sampling error is zero then the population is uniform or perfect representative sample of population is taken for research purpose. Let us take an example of nation which is combined unit of states. We can choose the random samples of states which can be further divided into smaller units like city from selected states. These cities can be clustered into smaller areas for observation. Researchers can define his pattern of selecting the sample data until data condition of observation is fully satisfied. 3) It is not possible to study the entire population and accessibility of them is time consuming and difficult For Example, Let us consider the case of preparing a list of all the customers from a chain of hardware stores. It is tedious task. But it is convenient to choose a subset of stores in stage one of cluster sampling which can be used for interviewing the customers from those stores in the second stage of cluster sampling. 34. Information from the American Institute of Insurance indicates the mean amount of life insurance per household in the United States is $110,000. This distribution follows the normal distribution with a standard deviation of $40,000. a. If we select a random sample of 50 households, what is the standard error of the mean b. What is the expected shape of the distribution of the sample mean c. What is the likelihood of selecting a sample with a mean of at least $112,000 d. What is the like

Set Up a Company in LDC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Set Up a Company in LDC - Essay Example In consequences, medical expenditure of company itself been reduced. To make an eco-friendly surroundings strict statutory regulation or voluntary self- regulation is very much needed. According to Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), different management approaches like reduction, reuse, recycling, and landfills of wastages are easy can be arranged and guidelines are also given by them. The plastic and metals often used directly without pre-treatment (www.panalytical.com). As said by them grinding, milling and pressing systems together can make a complete solution. According to International standardization organization (ISO), every company should maintain the ‘Environmental Management System’. Careful solid waste management nowadays becomes urgent. Solids including paper, plastic, metals and glass pieces and many other things are most of the cases renewable, if not they should be destroyed by the clean way. Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, Chromium VI, PBB, and PBD B are significantly harmful to the environment. Most of the cases the firm own their own water supply. A separate unit should be established for that. For non-polluting disposal, water treatment technology like Trickling Filter Process and/or Activated Sludge Process must be adopted. In many countries, it is mandatory. Although it is not a problem in the urban area, still most of the rural areas are not alighted until now. To set up an electronics unit an uninterrupted flow of electricity is required. As the energy source, it is cheaper in LDC to use traditional fuel like coal and petroleum than hydroelectricity, though non-conventional sources are most eco-friendly but expensive still now.Telecommunication is also not adequate in most of the area in LDCs. National organizations of telecom of respective countries cannot meet the huge demand always.

Effects of temperature Essay Example for Free

Effects of temperature Essay Some of these are variables that were mentioned earlier and could not be controlled, or even variables that were not initially considered. While performing the experiment, some of the oxygen produced from photosynthesis may have dissolved into the water. Microorganisms living on the pondweed may have used some oxygen. Although the amount of oxygen dissolved or used by microbes may be insignificant to the final result, when considered alongside the other variables this factor may be attributed to a significant change in the results. Some oxygen is also used during the respiration of the plant. As only the volume of oxygen produced was recorded the change in bubble size was not accounted for when the results were analysed. For a more accurate analysis of the data, using a capillary tube in place of the test tube so that the size and volume of each bubble could have been measured would have eliminated this inaccuracy. There are also factors affecting accuracy at low light intensities. With low light intensity, the pondweed receives some light energy from background light such as sunlight seeping through curtains or the light from the lamp of another students experiment. To eliminate extra artificial light from interfering with the results, the experiment must be performed in a completely dark room. The methodology of the experiment is also likely to account for any errors made, so in order to improve reliability and validity of the results some methodological features must be improved upon or changed completely. A capillary tube and a syringe should be used in place of the test tube to accurately measure the volume of the oxygen produced. Due to the high rates of photosynthesis of the pondweed, readings should be taken within shorter time periods. Doing so decreases the likelihood of human error occurring. Due to the nature and convenience of the experiment, it could be easily modified to investigate other variables of photosynthesis. An experiment using almost identical apparatus would be to vary the colour of the light the plant absorbs. Using translucent colour filters in front the lamps could vary this. Whilst doing the experiment several times contributed to the accuracy of the experiment, there were factors that detracted from it. The method of measuring the rate of photosynthesis by the frequency of bubbles was one. The volume of the bubbles could have varied, meaning that a larger or smaller amount of oxygen could have been released without being recorded. To eliminate these errors, using apparatus like a micro-burette or some other tool for measuring small volumes of gas may overcome small inaccuracies. This would make the results more accurate and reliable. Modifications: Limitations. The room temperature may fluctuate. Â  The concentration of carbon dioxide in the water may be reduced during experiment. The rate of gas evolution is not consistent. Â  There are other light sources, which may interfere with the results. Artificial light will increase temperature, as a 60watt bulb will be used, some energy will be lost as heat energy. Â  Are the bubbles being observed actually oxygen? Setting up the apparatus and placing it in a water bath may overcome the first error. Doing so will ensure that a constant temperature is maintained throughout the experiment. To avoid other light sources interfering with the experiment shelter the apparatus up so that the pondweed only receives light from the table lamp. To ensure consistency of gas evolution when changing to a new condition, the plant should be equilibrated for at least 10 minutes before taking any readings. Using a dilute sodium hydrogen carbonate solution ensures a constant supply of carbon dioxide to the pondweed, avoiding fluctuation of carbon dioxide concentrations. To test for presence of oxygen simply lower a glowing splint into the test tube containing the gas; if the splint relights this indicates that oxygen is present. Using this test increases reliability of the results. The presence of the lamp may cause the temperature to increase; to prevent this from happening ice can be used to maintain a constant temperature. Further experiments could be implemented to test other factors that may have an affect on the rate of photosynthesis. Light intensity has been found to have an affect on photosynthesis. This can be investigated by placing a light at varying distances from the elodea plant and recording the number of bubbles produced. Other experiments in this area could also include testing the rate of photosynthesis with different amounts of chlorophyll in the plants. References: 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 Glenn and Susan Toole, (1999) Biology for Advanced level. Stanley Thornes pg. 282-5. 4, 5 and 6 D. O. Hall and K. K. Rao, (1992) New studies in biology, Photosynthesis. Cambridge University Press, pg 13-14.

The Lion, The Witch And The Wardrobe Essay examples -- essays research

The Lion, The Witch And The Wardrobe By C.S. Lewis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My favorite character in this book would have to be Peter. He was a little bit of a tough guy yet timid, but wasn’t afraid to fight for his siblings lives. Peter was the oldest amongst his brother and two sisters and was most likely the brains and brawn of the bunch. In this story, Peter has to fight off a wolf to test his courage or, in Aslan’s words, win his spurs. He returns victorious and is knighted by the lion called Aslan. His brother Edmund, a very mischievous boy and a bother to his sisters Lucy and Susan, looks up to Him though he never admits to it. Peter was definitely the highlight of this book.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Four children, two girls and two boys, are in for an adventure of a lifetime their names were, starting with the oldest, Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy. The story starts off with the children leaving London by train because of war. The place the children took refuge in was a mansion deep in the country where they would be out of harms way. In this mansion there were thousands of rooms, hideaways, secret passageways, many floors and much, much more. Of Course there was nothing more boring than to sit around all day when it did nothing but rain outside. So what do they do? They explore the house of course! And they did. In the process of doing so, they came to a room on the highest floor of the mansion, but all that was in there was a hand-carved wardrobe with not...

Computer Addiction

Study Computer games have been leisure most in secondary level students. Students who are addicted to computer games, most all of them do not attend their classes just to play with their friends or classmates. Students who don't still know how to play computer games that who are willing to know In playing computer games can be easily addicted to it and some do not do their dally tasks anymore. Many students have no good educational background because they don't focus on their studies. Some computer addict are undergraduates and don't want to go to school anymore.Because of this, computer shops prohibited elementary and high school students to go inside the shops. Some students who are in last year of high school have previous experiences that the regret towards being addicted to computer games, since that they will not graduate If they don't want to attend to school anymore. Statement of the Problem This study aims to determine the Effect of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: 1 . What are the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students studies? 2.What are the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students health? 3. What are the reasons why IBIS 2nd year students addicted to computer games? Objectives The study has the following objectives: 1. To know the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac College of Agriculture students studies. 2. To know the effects of computer Games to IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac college of Agriculture students health. 3. To know the reasons why IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac College of Agriculture students addicted to computer games. Time and Place The study will be conducted at the researchers room In IT b, Institute ofEngineering, Tarmac College of Agriculture, Canalling, Tarmac, from September to October. Scope and Delimitation's The study will be focus and limited only to the effects of computer games to IBIS 2nd year students of Tarmac College of Agr iculture. Computer Games are game played using a computer, typically a video game. Addiction the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity. Computer Games Addiction the condition of being addicted to computer games. Hypothesis Students suffer to their studies because of addiction of computer games. Computer Addiction Computer addiction, a loosely used term with Internet Addiction, or Video game addiction, is the excessive or compulsive use of computers to the extent that it interferes with daily life. This disorder may affect the following: social interaction, mood, personality, work ethic, relationships, thought process. It may also cause social disorders or possibly sleep deprivation. It is important to note that as of now, psychologists are not sure how to label this disorder. Many refer to it as Internet Addiction Disorder; however, computer addiction originated long before internet use is as common as it is today. In addition, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has yet to recognize this exact disorder, and are more likely to include a more specific term of addiction, such as Internet Addiction, or Video game addiction. Some people develop bad habits in their computer use that cause them significant problems in their lives. The types of behavior and negative consequences are similar to those of known addictive disorders; therefore, the term Computer or Internet Addiction has come into use. While anyone who uses a computer could be vulnerable, those people who are lonely, shy, easily bored, or suffering from another addiction or impulse control disorder as especially vulnerable to computer abuse. Computer abuse can result from people using it repeatedly as their main stress reliever, instead of having a variety of ways to cope with negative events and feelings. Other misuses can include procrastination from undesirable responsibilities, distraction from being upset, and attempts to meet needs for companionship and belonging.

My High School Years Essay

We all have nice memories of when we attended high school. Memories that will never be forgotten. For most of us it has been a while since high school and it is all a blur. We all remember a lot of things, especially things that the school did and we didn’t approve of. Something that would annoy us, but we wouldn’t be able to do anything about it. The majority of us, I’m sure, don’t like the way the school handled the schedule, the food we had for lunch, or the teachers we had to listen to. One of the things that they need to change in high school is the way they handle the lunch periods. School is already hard on us because of all the homework we get and I don’t think is fair that they won’t allow us to pick our lunch period. We are all accustomed to eating at a certain time. The school would either give us lunch too early or too late. If they gave us lunch too early, we wouldn’t be hungry. In my case I would have breakfast during my study hall which was 3rd period, then I would have lunch which was 4rd period. I would have to force myself to eat or else I would be hungry the rest of the day. If we had lunch too late, we would not be able to concentrate in class because while we were working silently on our work we could hear our stomach growling, students that were sitting around us would just laugh. I remember that when that would happen to me I would start turning the pages of my book real fast so that the students around me couldn’t hear me. When I was in high school most of the students were mean and unfriendly. It was really hard to make friends, at least for me it was, and to be placed in a lunch period where you didn’t know anyone wasn’t easy. Our high school had a big cafeteria that could be divided into three smaller rooms, but they would never open up the walls. The reason for this was that there had been a huge fight once and they didn’t want any more confrontations. Each room had a name, they were named Commons A, Commons B, and Commons C. We weren’t able to pick the common in which we wanted to be in. The school, to make our life more miserable, would also give us assigned seats. One thing that I can’t complain about and that my classmates are probably going to look at me right now for saying this is the food. I went to Belvidere High School and I loved the food! I would look forward to lunchtime every day just because of the food. Till this day I have not found alfredo sauce that is as good as the one that they just to give us in high school. One thing that I would hate in high school was how they would run the schedules. They would give us too much time for one thing and not enough for another. We would go into a classroom for 15 minutes and do nothing. This class period was called home room. The teacher was supposed to inform us of changes that would be going on around the school, but they never would. We would sit there for 15 minutes of our life and basically do nothing. The teacher herself didn’t know what was going on. They also need to take away study hall, people didn’t do their homework during study hall. They would just sit there and talk, they wouldn’t even bring their books to study hall. Instead of getting study hall we should get more gym time. I mean, 45 minutes isn’t enough to actually exercise. By the time that we are done getting dressed we only have about 35 minutes left. Then the teachers instead of hurrying up the students, they’re over there having conversations with the other gym teachers . Then they take forever to take attendance. By then time they’re done explaining what were actually doing that day, we have like 25 minutes left of gym, not including the 5 minutes they give us at the end of the class period to get changed. 20 minutes is not enough time to run a gym class. We can’t exercise, sweat and take a shower in that little time and then the media complains that the students are obese. The method that some teachers have of teaching is absolutely awful. My Spanish teacher for native speakers was really nice and got along with everyone. All the students would talk so well about her, they would always say positive things about her. Probably because they never did anything while they were in her class. The only thing was that she was horrible at teaching. Well, it wasn’t that she was horrible at it, it was just that she wouldn’t teach anything. I remember she got sick and was out for three months. During that time we literally did not do anything. I remember that the substitute would just look at us and he would ask us what would we usually do, we would look at him, smile and answer â€Å"nothing†. Don’t ask why, but this was the second year that I had taken Spanish class with her, so when she came back she told us that most of us had been with her for two years so she would give us a grade based on what we had gotten the year before. I took that class to improve my writing in Spanish, to learn the proper grammar, but I did not achieve any of that. The English teachers weren’t as bad as the Spanish teacher, but we still didn’t accomplish much. The only time that I remember writing an essay in high school was junior year. Maybe it had to do with the school that I was in. My junior year of high school I went to Belvidere High School instead of Elgin High School. In Belvidere High the teachers were a little more strict, at least that’s what I thought. Until I found out that the only teacher that had ever assigned me to do an essay had been with one of the students. I was completely shocked because she had always been very professional about her job. Even though there’s a lot of negatives things with the high school that I went to, I still enjoyed every minute of it. I got to meet new people and experience new things. Sure my high school wasn’t the best, but I am still thankful that I received a basic education. The only thing that I do regret is not going to prom. I told myself that if no one asked me to prom that I wouldn’t go. Nobody ended up asking me so I didn’t go. I lost the chance to experience something that you only get to experience once in your life. So enjoy your high school while you can because once you are out, there is no turning back.

Making Spanish Nouns and Adjectives Plural

Making Spanish Nouns and Adjectives Plural If you know how to make nouns plural in English, youre close to knowing how to do so in Spanish. And once you know how to make Spanish nouns plural, you can simply follow the same rules for adjectives. Key Takeaways: Spanish Plurals The rules for making nouns plural in Spanish are similar to those of English, but Spanish has fewer exceptions.Nearly all nouns are made plural by adding s or es. The same rules are followed for adjectives.Sometimes it is necessary to add or delete an accent on the final vowel of a singular word when making it plural. The basic principle is the same: In Spanish, plurals end with the letter s, as is usually the case in English. Spanish plurals usually have an unaccented vowel preceding the s, as is often the case in English. The Basic Rule In fact, if you can remember that the Spanish plural is formed by making sure the plural word ends with s preceded by an unaccented vowel, usually e, youve taken care of nearly all of what youll have to learn. Most of whats left is learning the few exceptions as well as the spelling changes needed to make the written form of the language conform to what is spoken. The basic rule is this: If a word ends in anything other than an s preceded by an unstressed vowel, add either s or es to the end of the word so that it does. In some cases, a spelling change is needed to maintain the sound that would be needed to follow this rule. Heres how the rule is applied in various cases: Words Ending in an Unstressed Vowel When the word ends in a vowel without an accent, simply add the letter s. el libro, the book; los libros, the booksel gemelo, the twin; los gemelos, the twinsel pato, the duck; los patos, the ducks Nouns Ending in a Stressed Vowel A few nouns have a single syllable ending in a vowel or have multiple syllables and end in an accented vowel. In standard or formal writing, simply add the letters es. el tisà º, the tissue, los tisà ºes, the tissuesel hindà º, the Hindu, los hindà ºes, the Hindusel yo, the id; los yoes, the ids In everyday speech, however, it is common for such words to be made plural simply by adding s. Thus it would not be uncommon to hear someone talk about hindà ºs. Words Ending in a Consonant As is common in English, nouns ending in a consonant are made plural by adding es. el escultor; the sculptor; los escultores, the sculptorsla sociedad, the society; las sociedades, the societiesel azul, the blue one; los azules, the blue onesel mes, the month; los meses, the months Y is treated as a consonant for this rule: la ley, the law; las leyes, the laws. Words Ending in S Preceded by an Unstressed Vowel The plural form is the same as the singular form for nouns ending in an unstressed vowel followed by s. el lunes, Monday; los lunes, Mondaysel rompecabezas, the puzzle; los rompecabezas, the puzzlesla crisis, the crisis; las crisis, the crises The Exceptions Exceptions to the above rules are few. Here are the most common ones: Words Ending in É Words ending in a stressed e or à © simply need an s at the end: el cafà ©, the coffeehouse; los cafà ©s, the coffeehousesla fe, the faith; las fes, the faiths Foreign Words Some foreign words maintain the pluralization rules of the originating language. It is also very common to simply add an s to make plural words foreign regardless of what the originating language does. los jeans, the jeansel camping, the campground; los campings, campgroundsel curriculum vitae, the rà ©sumà ©; los curricula vitae, the rà ©sumà ©sel spam, a spam email or article; los spams, spam emails or articles Specific Exceptions A few words simply dont follow the rules. el pap, the father; los paps, the fathersla mam, the mother, las mams, the mothersel sof, the couch, los sofs, the couches Orthographic Changes Changes in either spelling or accents are needed sometimes due to the phonetic nature of the Spanish language. The rules above still apply - you just need to make sure a plural word is spelled the way it is pronounced, or that it is spelled according to Spanish convention. Here are the orthographic changes sometimes required: Nouns Ending in Z The z changes to c when followed by es: el pez, the fish; los peces, the fishes;el juez, the judge; los jueces, the judges Nouns Ending in an Accented vowel followed by S or N The written accent isnt needed in pluralizing a noun ending in a vowel followed by s or n. el interà ©s, the interest; los intereses, the interestsel francà ©s, the Frenchman, los franceses, the Frenchmenel avià ³n, the airplane; los aviones, the airplanes Nouns Ending in N in an Unstressed Syllable: But an accent is needed when a noun ending in an unstressed vowel and n is made plural: el examen, the exam; los exmenes, the examsel crimen, the crime; los crà ­menes, the crimes

Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 Chemistry Kit Review

Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 Chemistry Kit Review Thames and Kosmos produce  several science kits, including multiple chemistry sets. The Chem C3000 is their ultimate chemistry kit. Chemistry education and labs have moved toward computer simulations and safe chemicals, so its actually quite hard to find a kit that offers the types of hands-on experimentation that set the standard for chemistry labs in the past. The Chem 3000 is one of the few chemistry kits on the market today that contains chemicals and equipment necessary to perform over 350 high school / advanced chemistry experiments. This is the most popular chemistry kit for home chemistry and self-teaching. Description This is the ultimate chemistry kit! Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 kit contains everything in their Chem C1000 and Chem C2000 kits, plus more chemicals and equipment. Youll be able to perform over 350 chemistry experiments.The kit comes in a box containing two foam packing trays. The company reserves the right to make technical changes in the kit, so there isnt much point in listing the exact contents of the box I received, but I will say it included a 192-page paperback color lab manual, safety glasses, stickers for labeling chemicals, test tubes, a test tube  holder and test tube brush, a funnel, graduated beakers, pipettes, stoppers, an alcohol burner, a tripod stand, electrodes, brown bottles for storing light-sensitive chemicals, rubber hoses, glass tubing, filter paper, an evaporating dish, an Erlenmeyer flask, a plastic syringe, litmus powder, an assortment of other lab necessities, and numerous containers of chemicals. As you might expect, theres nothing particularly dangerous w ith respect to waste disposal (e.g., no mercury, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), but its a serious set, intended for hands-on, old-school chemistry experimentation. The experiments introduce the investigator to proper use of chemistry lab equipment and cover general chemistry and introductory organic essentials. Age Recommendation: 12+ This is a set for middle and high school students and adults. It is not an appropriate chemistry kit for young children. However, you dont need to have any prior knowledge of chemistry to use the set.The instruction book is designed like a lab text. Each chapter features an introduction, a clear list of objectives, explanation of the concepts, step-by-step instructions, practice questions to make sure you understand what is going on, and a self-test.It is not complicated. You just need a grasp of basic algebra and the ability to follow directions to master the material. The pictures in the book are glorious and the text is easy to read. Its fun and down-to-earth, not boring pages of calculations and graphs. The point is to show you how fun chemistry is! Pros and Cons of the Chem C3000 Kit Personally, I think the pros of this kit greatly outweigh the cons, but you should know what youre getting into before deciding if this is the right chemistry kit for you. The biggest issue aside from cost probably is that this is a serious kit. There are risks if you misuse the chemicals, there is a flame, and there is basic math in the calculations. If youre looking for an introduction to chemistry for very young investigators, it would be better to opt for an age-appropriate set. Pros Suitable for the lab component of home school high school chemistry.Lots of chemicals; lots of experiments. You wont run through this set in an hour or a weekend.The instruction manual is exceptional, with color pictures, clear instructions, and informative explanations of the chemistry.Includes lab and safety equipment, not just chemicals, so you can continue experimentation and lab work beyond the instructions. You can order additional chemicals either from Thames Kosmos or pick them up on your own. Cons Expensive! You get a lot in this kit, but its typically around $200. If that is out of your budget range, you might consider one of the smaller Thames Kosmos kits. The quality is the same, except the kits, are cheaper and cover fewer experiments. Or, if you are on a tight budget, why not put together your own kit from household chemicals?Additional materials required. To complete every experiment, youll need to pick up a 9-volt battery and a few additional chemicals that are not included in the kit, primarily because they are either flammable or else have a short shelf life. Fortunately, these chemicals are not hard to find online. Specifically, the additional chemicals needed that the company couldnt legally ship in the kit are:1% Silver nitrate solution~4% Sodium hydroxide solution~7% Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid)3% Hydrogen peroxide (usual  drug store strength)~3% Ammonia (diluted household ammonia)The additional chemicals/materials youll need are:White vinegarDenatured alc ohol (rubbing alcohol)Distilled waterBaking soda (sodium bicarbonate)Citric acidAmmonium carbonateAluminum foilCottonIron nail9-Volt battery You may experience breakage in shipping. Most people order this kit online. It comes well-packaged and mine didnt break, despite FedEx throwing it at my front door, but other people have reported getting some broken glassware. The chemicals come in plastic containers, so they are secure, but they are test tubes and glass bottles, so breakage is possible. My advice is to order via a vendor that will replace any damaged components.

Mini assignments Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mini assignments - Coursework Example However, the premises are not accurate. This makes the argument valid, but not sound. A valid deductive argument that is sound: Premise: Either I own a dog or a cat. Premise: I do not own a cat. Conclusion: Therefore, I must own a dog. This argument can be valid and sound. It is possible that I own a cat or a dog, but not both. It is possible I own a dog. It also cannot be true that I own a cat because of one of the premises. The only conclusion is I own a dog. 2. Inductive Language Construct an inductive argument for a specific conclusion. Then, explain what you might do to make this inductive argument stronger, either by revising the premises or by revising the conclusion. Inductive argument for a specific conclusion: Premise: John is a redhead. Premise: Jay is a redhead. Premise: Jennifer is a redhead. Premise: John, Jay, and Jennifer are siblings. Premise: John, Jay, and Jennifer’s parents are redheads. Conclusion: Parents with red hair have a good chance of having childre n with red hair. This is an inductive argument because the conclusion is more than likely correct. However, it is not as strong as it could be. Here is another argument that might be stronger. Premise: John is a redhead. Premise: Jay is a redhead. Premise: Jennifer is a redhead. Premise: John, Jay, and Jennifer are siblings. Premise: John, Jay, and Jennifer’s parents are redheads. ... Give an explanation of why each makes a mistake in drawing the conclusion it does. Review your classmates’ examples and see if they, in fact, commit the fallacy identified. Ad Hominem Fallacy Premise: Adolf Hitler was German Premise: Adolf Hitler waged a genocide war against the Jews, mentally ill, and Slavic people. Premise: Hitler was evil. Conclusion: Therefore all Germans are evil. This is an Ad Hominem Fallacy because it is based on a person’s, Hitler, character. Begging the Question Premise: Adultery is always wrong. Premise: Jane has committed adultery. Conclusion: Therefore, Jane is always wrong. This is Begging the Question Fallacy because it has circular reasoning. Jane is wrong because she committed adultery. Adultery is wrong, so Jane is wrong for committing it. Hasty Generalization Premise: My computer is an Acer. Premise: My computer’s hard drive crashed because of a virus. Conclusion: All Acer computers have hard drives that crash. This is a Hasty Generalization. Just because my computer crashed due to a virus does not mean all Acer computers have hard drives that crash. I might not have had the right anti-virus protection on my computer, or I could have bought a damaged computer. Just because one product fails does not mean the whole line of products will fail. 4. The Media and Fallacies One rich source of fallacies is the media: television, radio, magazines, and the Internet (including, of course, commercials.) Identify two distinct fallacies you see committed in the media. Do you think it is more likely that you will not be fooled by these fallacies having studied logic? What do you think those

Compare and contrast at least Three theoretical perspectives on Essay

Compare and contrast at least Three theoretical perspectives on healthcare management and leadership - Essay Example Leadership seems to be a trending topic even in healthcare where better leadership is considered to be a significant factor in improving quality of healthcare and organizational processes (Hartley & Benington, 2010). The study compares and contrasts three leadership and management theories that include transformational theory, Shared leadership theory and situational theory because leadership theories are dynamic and change with time. Transformational leadership Transformational theory usually goes beyond traditional style of transactional leadership and elaborates that people work effectively if the individuals have a sense of mission. Healthcare systems experience various challenges and chaos as healthcare organizations increasingly face complex problems, which motivate organizations to embrace transformational leadership. Transformational leadership considers a leader to be an individual that is capable of enabling others to act and even converting the followers to become leaders who in turn can be agents of change (Roussel, 2013). This model influence arise from the power of being a leader although the leader never uses the power to control or even repress constituents but rather a transformational leader empowers the constituents to have vision regarding the organization. In transformational theory energy initiates and sustains activities that translate intentions into reality; hence, in this perspective leadership is not concerned with so much exercise of power but rather focuses on empowering others (Borkowski, 2009). However, this does not imply that leaders in this approach relinquish power but instead emphasizes reciprocity exchange between leaders and constituents. The approach links the purpose of the leader to that of the constituent, which results in collective purpose which empowers staff and activates critical thinking in the staff’s roles in an organization and develops commitment in staff an essential asset for any organization (Goodwin , 2013). Transformational leaders mobilize staff through focusing on the welfare of people in the work environment because leadership experts recommend styles that empowers and recognizes collaboration instead of competition (Roussel, 2013). When the working atmosphere is empowering, people get empowered and feel part of a team and consider themselves to be contributors to the success of an organization. In healthcare, empowerment may result in increased patient care, reduced staff sick days as well as reduced attrition. Transformational healthcare leaders tend to have a staff that has high job satisfaction and who remain in an organization for a prolonged period (WHO, 2008). However, for healthcare leaders who always want to be in charge, the method may make them feel threatened by sharing their power with the staff. Moreover, although effective leadership supports shared power, the leader accepts responsibility in decision making even when the decision made is unpopular. In this a pproach, constituents like their wishes to be considered; however, there are times like in a crisis when constituents require prompt and clear decisions from the leader and this is where situational theory comes in. Because of the flexibility of a transformational leader, a leader in this approach is able to adapt styles for

Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing - Essay Example However, it is common sight for the law keepers to have a red light burn the moment they find unaccounted money getting passed down somewhere. Money laundering in today's world happens mostly through the banks. Banks were expected to tighten their money movement specifications. But with the wide open internet all around it becomes tougher for the banks to manage and monitor what is the nature of movement and who is sending what to whom. The following section identifies the various methods adopted by the banks to ensure fair movement of money. Three points were the money laundering and terrorism related monetary transactions can be identified and monitored are: 1) entry of cash into the financial system 2) transfers to and from financial system and 3) cross border flows of cash. The following processes are adopted by the banks in order to monitor these three and control them: 1. 'Know your customer' rule. This was brought in during the heights of terrorist bombings on the aircrafts that every customer should be known and identified by the financial institutions. This would ensure that the customers are monitored and they are known if there is an uncanny behavior in any it is identified and monitored for further action1. This is for the existing customers. 2. 2. Movement of any transaction over PDS 10000/- in UK and an equivalent in other countries are monitored and suspicious cases are reported to the legal authorities for further action. This is a statutory requirement in most countries and stipulated in UN charter for fighting drug and crime2. 3. For the new customers, a proper identification should be established before any transaction with the intended person is made by a financial institution3. This should be an official identification document like a passport, birth certificate or such other means of identification. If the person is acting on behalf of a company or another person, then the identity of this person on whose behalf the transaction is being done is to be clearly established and identified to the maximum extent possible by the financial institution. 4. All financial institutions and cash dealers should establish a clear internal and hierarchical reporting structure of such occurrences in their office or during the course of their business. This should be implemented and followed up on a daily basis. 5. Under no circumstances should a financial company or a cash dealer shall allow opening and operating of an account in a false name. Even if no offence was committed by the account operator, the financial institution has committed an offence according to the law. 6. Countries are coming in heavily on cash movement either for import or for export or for any other purpose. Countries have made it clear that cash handling beyond a specific value is not accepted and can be seized at any port or place. It is essential that all the financial institutions abide by these laws. Now UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) has issued a comprehensive legal framework for the member countries to follow to counter crimes including terrorism. 3. Lacuna in Controls Whatever be the methods that are adopted by the banks to identify such variations in the transactions, it is always found that people committing the

Facebook: Motives for Use and Effects on Personality

Facebook: Motives for Use and Effects on Personality The current study investigated the motives for using Facebook from the uses and gratifications perspectives and personality as predictors of Facebook addiction among the Mauritian university students. It also explored the relationship of motives and personality with attitudinal/ behavioral outcomes of the participants’ Facebook use. It was found that certain prevalent motives and extraversion trait were strongly associated with the Facebook variables studied and significantly predicted addiction to the site as expected. Relationship between Facebook and motives The study found 8 motives for Mauritian youths for using Facebook, the most popular social networking site. These motives include passing time, education, political, social interaction, entertainment, network surveillance, information seeking and relationship maintenance. Preceding studies found similar motives for using the site. For instance Dhaha et al (2014) found that entertainment, social interaction, political and education motivated Somali youths to use Facebook. Hart (2011) found that four motives for using the site among undergraduates, namely information seeking, passing time, relationship maintenance and entertainment significantly predicted amount of Facebook use, frequency of Facebook use and number of Facebook friends. Zhang et al (2011) found that network surveillance significantly predicted time spent on Facebook per day and number of Facebook friends. In this study a bivariate correlation has revealed that there was a moderate and significant positive relationship o f amount of time spent per day, number of friends and login frequency with all the motives except education and political which showed no relationship with these Facebook usage variables. The study enquired the intensity of Facebook addiction among Mauritian youths. The Facebook addiction instrument was divided into 4 dimensions namely salience, loss of control, mood modification and conflict. The results confirmed addictive tendencies among 27.2% of the sample as they rated high on overall Facebook addiction scale. It was found that the site was incorporated in their daily lives (salience), many spend more than 3 hours per day on it (38.2%), they often lose sleep due to late night logins, have a constant urge to check Facebook (loss of control), neglect responsibilities such as academic performance (conflict) and often use Facebook to reduce feelings of anxiety (mood modification). These findings corroborate with previous studies. For instance Zaremohzzabieh et al (2014) and Balakrishinan Shamim (2013) found similar outcomes of addictive behaviors towards the use of Facebook, namely salience, loss of control, mood modification, withdrawal and conflict. In terms of the relationship between Facebook motives and Facebook addiction, the study shown a significant positive correlation between Facebook addiction and the 8 motives components studied. Facebook addiction was more closely related to passing time motive followed by entertainment, social interaction and relationship maintenance. These findings are consistent with previous studies of Facebook addiction from uses gratifications perspectives. For instance Dhaha et al. (2014) and Kavitha (2013) found that entertainment, communication, passing time, social interaction and companionship were correlated with Facebook addiction. The study also investigated specific motives as predictors of Facebook addiction to test the hypotheses. The analysis of the multiple regression revealed that the four motives namely passing time, entertainment, social interaction and relationship maintenance significantly predicted Facebook addiction. Passing time motive emerged as the best predictor of Facebook addiction, followed by entertainment and relationship maintenance. These findings are supported by previous studies. For instance (Kavitha, 2013) also identified passing time as the best predictor of Facebook addiction. In the same line a systematic review that examined Facebook addiction and motives has revealed that for 14 out of 16 studies, the components explaining the majority of the variance relate to either passing time or relationship maintenance (Ryan et al, 2014). With regard to the prevalent gratification of passing time, findings seem to reflect the usual use of Facebook to occupy time when bored, to procrastinat e from other activities or task avoidance (Foregger, 2008; Sheldon, 2008). The researchers also found that entertainment (e.g. playing games) was a popular motive for engaging in Facebook appearing across 15 studies (Ryan et al, 2014). It is associated with pleasure seeking. Dhaha et al (2014) and Sofiah et al (2011) also found that entertainment, social interaction (e.g. making new friends) and communication significantly predicted Facebook addiction. These findings are consistent with those of Ryan et al, (2014) which reported that motives can be related to Facebook addiction through use that is habitual, excessive or a desire for mood modification. The findings reflect both the benefits and downside of Facebook use. The uses and gratifications of Facebook use operate to satisfy the social and psychological needs of a large number of internet users but at the same contributing to addiction to the site (Ryan et al, 2014). As the findings indicate, excessive use result in negative life outcomes such as neglecting significant activities e.g. school and significant relationships. For instance this paradox can be illustrated in terms of the Stimulation Hypothesis and Displacement Hypothesis since findings of this study have revealed that social interaction is related to Facebook addiction. The former supports the positive effects of social interaction via Facebook. It argues that online interaction complements existing social interact ion and can extend new cyber relationships to offline interaction thereby improving social relationships and relieved from loneliness (Valkenburg, 2007). But paradoxically the displacement hypothesis suggests that the time and psychic energy spent on Facebook with weak ties or virtual characters replaces real world interaction and is harming significant relationships (Valkenburg, 2007). Similarly (Sheldon et al, 2011) found that spending a lot of time on Facebook correlated with both high levels of feeling connected to other people and with high levels of disconnection. Moreover Facebook addiction is found to be with associated depression, anxiety disorders, aggressive tendencies and decreased productivity (Rosen et al, 2014) Relationship between Facebook and personality This study analyzed the attitudinal and behavioral outcomes of the respondents’ Facebook use from a personality trait approach involving extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and narcissism. The study also posits that certain of these personality traits predict Facebook addiction. Results indicate that extraversion significantly and positively correlated with amount of time spent on Facebook per day, login frequency, number of friends and Facebook addiction. Regression analysis has revealed that extraversion significantly predicts Facebook addiction. These findings are in line with other studies. For instance Amichai-Hamburger et al (2010) and Kosinski et al 2013 found that Extroversion was positively related with amount of time spend on Facebook and number of friends. Wilson et al (2010) reported that extraversion was related to higher levels of Facebook use and predicts addictive tendencies to the site. The researchersâ⠂¬â„¢ findings suggest that extroverts are over reliant on SNSs as they require a higher level of stimulation and a large social network. In the same line the current study found that there was a positive significant correlation between extraversion and social interaction motive consistent with the rich-get-richer approach which claims that extraverts gain more benefits through SNSs as they can enlarge their social relationships (Kuss Griffiths, 2011). This is to contrast with Moore McElroy, (2012) who found that those who score low on extraversion i.e. introverts positively correlated with Facebook use to stay in touch with friends. With respect to narcissism this study found that narcissism significantly and positively correlated with amount of time spent on Facebook per day, login frequency, number of friends and Facebook addiction. Carpenter et al (2012) and Rosen (2014) also found that users who score high on narcissism spend a lot of time on Facebook; they depict addictive symptoms to the site and have many Facebook friends. Moreover the current study revealed there was a high and positive significant correlation of narcissism with the frequency of posting updates and changing profile pictures. Similarly Alloway et al (2014) found that frequency of posting status updates was related to narcissism. Individuals scoring high on narcissism are more active on social network sites as these sites represent an opportunity to present themselves in a self-promoting way which is in line with their ideal self by frequently posting glorifying pictures and updates about them (C. S. Andreassen, et al, 2012). On the other hand this study revealed that conscientiousness was negatively related to amount of time spent on Facebook and login frequency and low scores on conscientiousness predicted Facebook addiction. These findings are consistent with Wilson et al (2010) which showed low scores on conscientiousness was related to higher levels of SNSs use and significantly predicted addictive tendencies to SNSs. It was hypothesized that unconscientious young adults exhibit addictive tendencies towards the use of SNSs as they lack self-discipline and tend to use these sites as way of procrastinating (Wilson et al 2010). However these findings differ from that of Marcus et al (2006) who found that conscientiousness was positively related to self-monitoring and presentation, suggesting that those who rated high on conscientiousness engage on social-networking sites to gain social appreciation. Alternatively this study found there was no relationship of openness to experience with amount time spends per day, number of friends and login frequency. Openness to experience did not predict Facebook addiction. These findings are supported by Wilson et al (2010) which also revealed that openness trait has no impact on SNSs use. The researchers believe that this is due to the fact that Facebook is no longer being a new creation and thus has lost some of its appeal for those with openness characteristic who are keen to experience newer activities (Wilson et al, 2010). However this study’s finding do not link with those of Ross et al (2009) which showed that higher levels of openness to experience was associated with greater online sociability. Conversely this study found that there was no relationship between openness to experience and social interaction motive for using Facebook. This study revealed that there was no relationship of agreeableness personality trait with amount of time spends per day on Facebook, how often participants login to Facebook, number of Facebook friends and Facebook addiction. These results correspond with those of Wilson et al (2010) which showed that the agreeableness trait has no influence on SNS use. This is also in line with Duff (2012) which found that there was no significant relationship between agreeableness and frequency of Facebook use. Neuroticism was negatively related to amount of time spend on Facebook per day, login frequency and Facebook addiction. These results indicate that participants scoring low on neuroticism spend more time on Facebook and depict addictive tendencies to the site. Conversely high scores on neuroticism is associated with less time spend on Facebook. These findings are in contrast with those of Wilson et al (2010) who found that neuroticism was not associated with addictive tendencies to SNS. Likewise Duff (20..) found that neuroticism was not related to frequency of Facebook use. The current findings do not link also with other studies which reported that high scores on neuroticism was positively associated with social media use where it was assumed that neurotics use social media as a way of seeking support. Moreover another plausible reason reported for this positive relationship was that online social networks give those who are high on neuroticism more time for scrutiny before acting unlike face-to-face interactions (C. S. Andreassen, et al, 2012). However this study’s findings are indirectly supported by those of Marcus et al (2006), which indicated a significant negative correlation between neuroticism and self-monitoring (Duff..). Marcus et al (2006) argued that these results indicated that those higher in neuroticism show a lack of ability in changing their behavior to gain social approval from others. Thus this may indirectly explain why neurotics spend less time on Facebook. In the same line the current study has revealed that neuroticism is negatively related to social interaction implying that those who are high on neuroticism are less likely to engage in social interactions. Relationship between self-esteem and Facebook This study reported a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and amount of time spent on Facebook per day. This indicates that those who score low on self-esteem spend more time on Facebook. These findings are supported by previous studies. For instance Kalpidou et al 2011 found there was a negative correlation between self-esteem and time spent on Facebook. In the same line Mehdizadeh’s (2010) findings revealed that lower levels of self-esteem correlated with greater amount of time spent on Facebook. The current study also revealed that self-esteem was negatively related to number of friends suggesting that low self-esteem participants have more friends. These findings are consistent with Zywica Danowski’s (2008) findings which reported that low self-esteem users have many Facebook friends as they strived more to increase their Facebook popularity to compensate for inadequate offline popularity, consistent with the social compensation hypothesis. Moreover having many Facebook friends implies performing for a bigger audience which is associated with enhancing in self-esteem. Another plausible explanation for these results interlink with Ellison et al, 2007 study which stated that low self-esteem users reap more benefits from Facebook than their high self-esteem counterparts as Facebook affordances mitigate fear of rejection and enable them to enlarge their social capital in a way more rewarding for them than face to face interaction. Since low self-esteem involves poor self-perception, social anxiety and shyness, features such as wall posting, messaging, poking, tagging and display of users’ personal information encouraged low self-esteem users to improve social relationships. (Steinfield et al, 2008). Hence as Facebook is related to bounding and bridging of social capital it can be deduced that those with low self-esteem spend more time on Facebook to boost their self-esteem (Steinfield et al, 2008). Furthermore, viewing one’s own Facebook profile, editing Facebook profile and receiving positive feedback from others were found to enhance self-esteem (Gonzales Hancock 2011; Valkenburg et al, 2006). Gonzales Hancock 2011 stated that Facebook is related to self-presentation. Thus it can be said that those with low self-esteem spend more time on Facebook than those with high self-esteem in order to optimize their self-presentation such as posting information about themselves so as to gain more popularity and altogether boost their social self-esteem. The present findings indicate that low self-esteem users may be over reliant on Facebook to reap these benefits. Indeed this study has revealed a significant correlation between self-esteem and Facebook addiction. Correspondingly Denti et al (2012) also found that low self-esteem was associated with Facebook addiction. The researcher found that Women Facebook addicts with low self-esteem use Facebook more to report negative information about their lives (Denti et al 2012). However the results do not link with those of Wilson et al (2010) which indicated that there was no relationship between self-esteem and social networking sites. Correlation Between Crime and Poverty: Sociological Critique Correlation Between Crime and Poverty: Sociological Critique Introduction Jock Young once said: â€Å"At heart, the extent of crime is a political as well [1]as a behavioural matter †¦ The figures for crime †¦ are not hard facts in the sense that this is true of the height and weight of physical bodies. They are moral not physical statistics†. It is apparent from this statement that there are inherent flaws in all types of theories of crime causation whether these derive form the sociological, psychological or biological traditions. Nevertheless, crime causation theories form a significant part of modern criminology and have been used extensively to form policy and legislation. Bearing in mind the limitation of these theories, this essay will try to address the question why sociological theories of criminality suggest that social deprivation and poverty are two of the most significant factors that lead to criminality when two of the most poverty stricken groups, women and the elderly, have low rates of crime. Crime and poverty: A sociological approach There are many schools of thought that deal with crime causation. Sociological theories of crime focus on the social dimension of criminality, trying to analyse the sociological reasons that push individuals to commit crime e.g. poverty, shaming, social deprivation, fear etc. Sociology, in general is â€Å"the study of social organisation and institutions and of collective behaviour and interaction, including the individual’s relationship to the group†[2]. As early as 1893, criminologists such as Durkheim asserted that social deprivation and the division of labour in society puts disadvantaged groups in need, often leaving them with no other option but to resort to crime[3]. Very close to this analysis is the approach of Radical Criminology. This uses Marx’s ideas of capitalist society and social classes claiming that â€Å"much proletarian offending could be redefined as a form of redistributive class justice or as a sign of the possessive individualism which resided in the core values of capitalist society†[4]. Radical Criminology went a step further by arguing that individuals from working classes who resort to crime are in reality victims of a false consciousness that turns proletarian against proletarian. The ultimate goal is to preserve unequal class relations, masking the real nature of crime and repression in capitalist society[5]. Irrespective of whether we adopt the sociological explanation of the Traditional or Radical Criminology, there is still a paradox that both theories seem to overlook. If crime is closely related to class, social deprivation and poverty – regardless of whether this is a construct of capitalism or simply a means to survival – there is still not an adequate explanation as to why the female and older groups that form great part of poor classes render very low criminality rates. The correlation between, crime, poverty and gender/age The two most powerful demographic features that discriminate between offenders and non-offenders but at same time provide a good explanation of criminal behaviour are gender and age. At one time there was so little criminality from female and older groups that criminologists turned their attention to it. John Hagan justified the low crime levels within female groups by saying that male groups often see crime as a source of fun and excitement, which is not often the case with female groups which are more family-oriented due to the maternity role they carry[6]. Moreover, daughters are believed to be more frequently subject to intense, continual and diffuse family control in the private and domestic environments and this gradually develops among female groups a stronger feeling of emotional sanctions than physical or custodial controls. Therefore, shaming methodologies and the withdrawn of love and affection have greater impact on female groups than incapacitation. This system does not need the intervention of the criminal justice system but of close family guidance. Finally, this close family control also encourages female groups to stay away from the â€Å"purview of agents of formal social control†[7]. Carlen’s findings reinforce this theory as he collected evidence that showed â€Å"female criminals were most likely to emerge when domestic family controls were removed altogether†[8]. With minor exceptions the crimes of the elderly have not been in the focus of criminological attention[9]. Stephens argues that older people who belong to poor classes are more concerned with survival issues and do not feel empowered to resort to crime apart from occasional petty offences. They also lack the physical and psychological motivation to commit serious crimes such as murder or robbery. However, this is not the case with older people from wealthy classes as these groups are most often characterised by power, greed. They also carry the advantage of experience. However, again, they lack the physical energy to commit violent crimes and that is why they tend to focus on financial offences. Conclusion It is apparent from the above analysis that sociological theories that use poverty and social deprivation to explain crime do not clash with the low levels of criminality within female and older groups. Male groups from poor classes render higher rates because they do not experience the same control mechanisms that female and older groups receive. When these mechanisms are lifted (e.g. because there is no close family control or because the feeling of survival is not that evident), then the risk is the same. Bibliography Box S (1983) Power, Crime and Mystification, London: Tavistock. Carlen P (1988) Women, Crime and Poverty, Milton Keynes: Open University Press. Durkheim E (1953) The Division of Labour in Society, Oxford: Oxford University Press Rock P (1997) â€Å"Sociological Theories of Crime† The Oxford Handbook of Criminology, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Haggan J (1979) â€Å"The Sexual Stratification of Social Control† 30 British Journal of Sociology. Stephens J (1976) Loners, Losers and Lovers. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington. Young J (1988) â€Å"Radical Criminology in Britain: The Emergence of a Competing Paradigm† 28 British Journal of Criminology 1 Footnotes [1] Young J (1988) â€Å"Radical Criminology in Britain: The Emergence of a Competing Paradigm† 28 British Journal of Criminology, page 175. [2] The Oxford English Dictionary [3] Durkheim E (1893) The Division of Labour in Society, later reprinted as Durkheim E (1953) The Division of Labour in Society, Oxford: Oxford University Press [4] Rock P (1997) â€Å"Sociological Theories of Crime† The Oxford Handbook of Criminology, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [5] Box S (1983) Power, Crime and Mystification, London: Tavistock. [6] Haggan J (1979) â€Å"The Sexual Stratification of Social Control† 30 British Journal of Sociology. [7] Loc cit supra note 4 page 243. [8] Carlen P (1988) Women, Crime and Poverty, Milton Keynes: Open University Press. [9] One exception is Stephens J (1976) Loners, Losers and Lovers. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington.